Artificial Intelligence-Based Data-Driven Strategy to Accelerate Research, Development, and Clinical Trials of COVID Vaccine.

The global COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, which was caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a significant loss of human life around the world. The SARS-CoV-2 has caused significant problems to medical systems and healthcare facilities due to its unexpected global expansion. Despite all of the efforts, developing effective treatments, diagnostic techniques, and vaccinations for this unique virus is a top priority and takes a long time. However, the foremost step in vaccine development is to identify possible antigens for a vaccine. The traditional method was time taking, but after the breakthrough technology of reverse vaccinology (RV) was introduced in 2000, it drastically lowers the time needed to detect antigens ranging from 5-15 years to 1-2 years. The different RV tools work based on machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI). Models based on AI and ML have shown promising solutions in accelerating the discovery and optimization of new antivirals or effective vaccine candidates. In the present scenario, AI has been extensively used for drug and vaccine research against SARS-COV-2 therapy discovery. This is more useful for the identification of potential existing drugs with inhibitory human coronavirus by using different datasets. The AI tools and computational approaches have led to speedy research and the development of a vaccine to fight against the coronavirus. Therefore, this paper suggests the role of artificial intelligence in the field of clinical trials of vaccines and clinical practices using different tools.

Chemoprophylatic, Ayurvedic, homeopathic approaches for COVID-19 prophylaxis. (Special issue 2 on COVID-19.)

The world is grappling for US FDA-approved therapies for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is the virus that has caused Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Several pharmacological drugs are under various phases of clinical trials, and their current clinical use is primarily based on the in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2 or related coronaviruses. While the efficacy of drug therapies is yet to be established, and the efficacy of the vaccine for COVID-19 is to be accomplished, we need to focus on prophylactic measures. The current article describes the chemoprophylactic, Ayurvedic, homeopathic, and Unani prophylactic approaches for combating COVID-19 based on the guidelines issued by the Ministry of AYUSH, India. The article is based on the guidelines issued by the Ministry of AYUSH, India. The proposed approaches have been supported by scientific evidence. The article also provides an outlook on the global scenario of herbal practices. In the absence of effective treatment, efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic heavily rely on non-pharmaceutical interventions such as personal preventive measures. The alternative system of medicine offers prophylactic solutions that are simple and inexpensive. These simple measures will go a long way in tackling the pandemic.